{"id":711,"date":"2023-06-05T10:05:08","date_gmt":"2023-06-05T10:05:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/innotech.uz\/?page_id=711"},"modified":"2023-06-05T10:12:19","modified_gmt":"2023-06-05T10:12:19","slug":"anemia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/innotech.uz\/uz\/anemia\/","title":{"rendered":"Anemiya"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"TEMIR\" ELEMENTI HAQIDA 5 TA FAKT\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Makro va mikroelementlar inson tanasi kimyoviy reaktsiyalar uchun zarurdir. Ular oqsillar, yog'lar, uglevodlar, gormonlar va fermentlar almashinuvi va sintezida, issiqlik almashinuvida, gematopoezda, suyak to'qimalarining shakllanishida, immunitet reaktsiyalarida ishtirok etadilar. Ularning etarli miqdorda bo`lishi organlar va tizimlarning, tomirlar va yurak mushaklarining (miokard) ishini muvofiqlashtiradi. Inson tanasida deyarli hech qanday jarayon temir elementisiz to'liq bo'lmaydi.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Tanadagi temirning roli:\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Temir - kislorod tashish jarayonida ishtirok etadigan asosiy elementidir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Eritrotsitlar (qizil qon tanachalari) tarkibida kislorodni tashiy oladigan (oqsil va temirning maxsus birikmasi) gemoglobinni o'z ichiga oladi. Ushbu zanjirdagi temirning qiymatini ortiqcha baholash qiyin. Birinchi navbatda ushbu kimyoviy element gemoglobin hosil bo'lishida muhim rol o'ynaydi, bu holatda kislorodni tizimli tashishni amalga oshirish mumkin emas.<\/p>

Qizil qon barcha organlar va to'qimalarga kislorod va ozuqa moddalari bilan boyitilgan xolatda arteriyalar orqali etib boradi va tomirlardan karbonat angidrid olib ketadigan to'q qizil qon oqadi. Ushbu jarayon gaz almashinuvi deb ataladi. Tananing umumiy holati, uning ishlashi va yuklarga bardosh berish qobiliyati ko'p jihatdan organlar va to'qimalarning kislorod bilan to'yinganligiga bog'liq. Temir tanqisligi hujayralar gipoksiyasi deb ataladigan kislorodga muhtojligini boshdan kechiradi. Hujayra ichidagi asosiy biokimyoviy jarayonlar ham temir ishtirokida sodir bo'ladi.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Temir tanqisligi immunitetga ta'sir qiladi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bundan tashqari, temir ishda va immunitet tizimida muhim rol o'ynaydi. Masalan, ushbu iz element makrofag immun hujayralari patogenlarni zararsizlantirishi uchun zarurdir. Tanadagi temir tanqisligi inson tanasini infektsiyalarga duchor qilishi mumkinligi haqida ko'plab ilmiy dalillar mavjud. Temir tanqisligi va temir tanqisligi anemiyasi bo'lgan odamlar normal gemoglobin darajasiga ega bo'lganlarga qaraganda infektsiyalarga ko'proq moyil bo'lishi mumkin.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ma'lumki, yuqumli va yallig'lanish jarayonlarining rivojlanishi va natijasi bir necha omillarga bog'liq: agentning (mikroorganizmning) patogenligi va makroorganizmning (odamning) immunitet reaktsiyasining reaktsiyasi. Temir inson va mikroorganizmlarning hayoti uchun zarurdir. Hayot uchun kurashda mikroorganizmlar makroorganizmning temirini o'zlashtiradi va shu bilan temir tanqisligining rivojlanishiga olib kelishi mumkin. Ushbu mexanizmlar juda yaxshi o'rganilgan va hatto \"ozuqaviy immunitet\"kabi tushuncha kiritilgan.\u00b9<\/em><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bolada tez-tez uchraydigan arining sabablaridan biri temir tanqisligi bo'lishi va unga qarshi kurashish kerakligi haqida dalillar mavjud.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Semirib ketish temir tanqisligiga olib kelishi mumkin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Anemiya endokrin tizimning holatiga salbiy ta'sir ko'rsatadi. Temir tanqisligi va semirish bilan bog'liq tizimli yallig'lanish mavjudligi o'rtasidagi patogenetik bog'liqlik haqida dalillar mavjud. Semirib ketishda surunkali yallig'lanish sharoitida temirni sekvestrlash mexanizmi, asosan makrofag tizimi va yog ' to'qimalarining hujayralari boshlanadi, temirni oziq-ovqatdan singdirish samaradorligi pasayadi, qizil qon hujayralariga kiradi va gem sintezi. Yog ' to'qimalarining hujayralarida ortiqcha to'plangan temir oksidlovchi va endoplazmatik stressni, yallig'lanishga qarshi sitokinlarni ishlab chiqarishni keltirib chiqaradi, ya'ni. E. semirib ketish rivojlanishining asosiy bo'g'inlariga ta'sir qiladi va uni yanada kuchaytiradi.2 semirib ketishda yog ' hujayralarida temir miqdorining ko'payishi uning toksik ta'siri uchun zarur shart-sharoitlarni yaratadi. Boshqacha qilib aytganda, temir yog ' to'qimalarida to'planib, uni oziq-ovqatdan assimilyatsiya qilish samaradorligi pasayadigan, shuningdek eritroid hujayralariga kirishi kamayadigan shafqatsiz doira hosil bo'ladi.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Homiladorlik paytida kamqonlik eng keng tarqalgan ekstragenital patologiyalardan biridir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Homilador ayollar har doim temir tanqisligi anemiyasini rivojlanish xavfi ostida bo'lishi mumkinligini yodda tutishlari kerak. Homiladorlikdan tashqari, yashirin anemiya uzoq vaqt davomida o'zini namoyon qilmasligi mumkin. Ammo homiladorlik paytida anemiya mavjudligi homiladorlikning o'zi va homila holatini jiddiy ravishda og'irlashtirishi mumkin. Homilador ayollarda aylanma qon hajmi keskin oshadi. Shunday qilib, ikkinchi trimestrda qon oqimi hajmi uchdan biriga, uchinchisida \u2013 ikki baravar ko'payadi. Bu shuni anglatadiki, homiladorlikning har oyida temirga bo'lgan ehtiyoj ortadi. Shuning uchun homiladorlik paytida temir tanqisligi tez rivojlanadi va jiddiy asoratlar bilan temir tanqisligi anemiyasiga olib kelishi mumkin. O'zini yomon his qilish, zaiflikning kuchayishi va doimiy uyquchanlik temir tanqisligi mavjudligining tashqi belgilaridir.<\/p>

Vaziyat temir tanqisligi oqibatlari bilan ancha murakkab. Ilmiy dalillar shuni ko'rsatadiki, temir tanqisligi fonida homiladorlikning o'z-o'zidan tugashi, homila rivojlanishining buzilishi va homiladorlik va tug'ilishning umumiy og'ir kursi mumkin3. Temir tanqisligi bosqichida o'z vaqtida davolanishning etishmasligi homilador ayollarning 65 foizida anemiya rivojlanishiga olib keladi.3 homiladorlik paytida kamqonlik bu darhol davolanishni talab qiladigan holat. Homilador ayollarning kamqonligi erta tug'ilish ehtimolini 63% ga, 31% kam vaznli bolalarni tug'diradi. Anemiya bilan kasallangan homilador ayollarning yarmidan ko'pida 63% hollarda homila kislorod ochligiga (gipoksiya) moyil bo'ladi, har uchinchi homilada o'sish sustlashadi (32%), ida bo'lgan onalarda har beshta yangi tug'ilgan chaqaloqdan ikkitasi tug'iladi. gipoksik miya shikastlanishi bilan (40%) va taxminan bir xil-yuqumli va yallig'lanish kasalliklari bilan (37%)\u2074.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Anemiyaning dastlabki alomatlarini o'tkazib yuborish oson<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Temir tanqisligi anemiyasining aksariyat belgilari o'ziga xos emas: zaiflik va charchoq, nafas qisilishi va terining oqarishi, kar\u0131ncalanma hissi, yurak urishi, bosh aylanishi, tinnitus, zinapoyaga chiqishda nafas qisilishi, ishlashning pasayishi. Ko'pincha, yuqorida aytilganlarning barchasi haddan tashqari yuk, surunkali stressli muhit, yomon ekologiya, ob-havo va atmosfera bosimining o'zgarishi bilan oqlanadi. Ammo ishtahaning pasayishi yoki ta'mni afzal ko'rishning buzilishi kabi o'ziga xos alomatlar ham mavjud. Homiladorlik paytida ta'mni buzish normaning bir variantidir, degan keng tarqalgan fikr mavjud. Bu har doim ham shunday emas. Bo'r, kraxmal, loy, xom go'sht va boshqalarga qaramlik.anemiyani ko'rsatishi mumkin. Kimyoviy bo'yoq, benzin, aseton, poyabzal kremining hidlariga qaramlik tanadagi temir darajasiga e'tibor berish uchun sababdir. Teri, soch va tirnoqlarning yomon holati, peeling, mo'rt sochlar va tirnoqlar, burmalar, og'iz burchaklari va lablaridagi yoriqlar, ovqat hazm qilish tizimi bilan bog'liq muammolar, bularning barchasi temir tanqisligining belgilaridir.ko'pincha jiddiy qabul qilinmaydi. Agar yuqoridagi alomatlar mavjud bo'lsa, bu haqda shifokoringizga aytib berishingiz, tashxis qo'yishingiz va shifokorning temir preparatlari bilan davolash bo'yicha tavsiyalarini olishingiz kerak.<\/p>

Temir tanqisligini davolashni erta boshlash temir tanqisligi anemiyasining klinik ko'rinishini va uning asoratlarini oldini olishga yordam beradi!<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Havolalar:<\/p>

1. Novikova I. A., temir va immunitet reaktsiyasi, sog'liq va atrof-muhit muammolari, 2011 yil<\/p>

2. Butler L. I., Ivleva O. V., semizlik temir almashinuvining buzilishi uchun xavf omili sifatida, tibbiy kengash, 2015, \u211617<\/p>

3.Yakunina N. A., homilador ayollarda temir tanqisligi: dolzarbligini yo'qotmaydigan muammo, tibbiy maslahat, 2012<\/p>

4.Radzinskiy V. E., Ryabinkina T. S., homilador ayollarda temir tanqisligi anemiyasi: tuzatish xavfi va imkoniyatlari, St.Praesens, 2017, \u21162(38)<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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